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Santos (2012) points out that a sociointeractional approach to learning occurs from the development of a context in which a more competent partner gives the learner the necessary support in the learning process, emphasizing the idea that the learning process is always mediated. Such mediation involves the interaction between teachers, students, resources and teaching materials. Still, on the relevant aspects of the sociointeractional approach to learning, the author mentions Vygotsky's notion that language is the most important mediating tool. Therefore, thinking, reading, writing, and talking about a specific topic have an important impact on our understanding of the world.
Thus, regarding the teaching and learning of reading from a sociointeractional perspective and the role strategies have in that process, it is possible to draw some conclusions. Read the conclusions below, decide which ones are in accordance with that approach and mark the most adequate answer A – D.
I. Developing learner strategies in the foreign language reading class implies that the learner will be at the centre and in control of the use of strategies, being the agent of his/her strategic decisions.
II. Since the 1990s, reading has come to be understood as a complex and dynamic activity that involves not only bottom-up and top-down cognitive processes, but also other contextual elements such as the reader's experience with other texts, the medium in which the text is written and the reader's decisions, as well as the reading strategies that he/she uses.
III. Successful readers often focus their attention on the general meaning of the text, but always use the dictionary when they encounter unfamiliar words. They also seek to break up word groups into single words to improve their comprehension.
IV. Activation of the student's prior knowledge of a subject, attention to the title of the text, its images, as well as typographic marks (font type, bold, italics, etc.) and identification of the textual genre are important pre-reading strategies that can lead the learner to formulate successful hypotheses about the text, making it easier to understand.
The correct option is
Select the sentence that best paraphrases the excerpt:
“Language is only one of the issues the report urges schools to tackle. […] But language was the main theme picked up in media reporting on the new guidelines”.
The following quote from Cameron’s article presents a standard passive construction, according to Parrott (2010): “This week, it was announced that schools in England are being issued with new guidelines on combatting sexism and gender stereotyping.”
Among the sentences below, choose the only one that follows a different pattern from standard passive constructions.
Assuming a sociointeractional viewpoint, Giesel (in FERREIRA, 2012) argues that all forms of discourse can be understood as a social product, since they are present in the experiences of students.
Regarding the position presented above, choose the quote below from Cameron’s text which might support the idea that language teachers should approach aspects of sexist language and gender stereotyping in their lessons.
